I'm Dr. Joshua Schwimmer, a nephrologist and internal medicine physician in New York City. • Kidney Notes was the first active nephrology blog. (Trivia: Kidney Notes is so old that the National Library of Medicine still uses it as an example of how to formally cite blogs.) • Professionally, you can find me at Kidney.nyc. • Kidney Notes is for educational purposes only, not medical advice. Consult qualified health care professionals. See disclaimer.

Sunday, July 12, 2026

12Jul26

Links:




Saturday, May 2, 2026

ChatGPT for Clinicians, Nils Frahm’s All Melody, and Medieval Drone Society III

AI:

  • ChatGPT for Clinicians — OpenAI is offering a clinician-focused version free to verified U.S. physicians, NPs, PAs, and pharmacists. Also launching HealthBench Professional, an open benchmark for clinical AI tasks.



Music:

All Melody by Nils Frahm

All Melody by Nils Frahm


The Medieval Drone Society III by Laura Cannell

The Medieval Drone Society III by Laura Cannell

Wednesday, April 22, 2026

Act Early on CKD, Mac Energy Apps, a Magic Tray, and Years of Coffee Posts

Nephro:

  • Act Early on CKD — A model for the effect of various medications on the progression of CKD.



Apps:

  • App Tamer — Cuts background CPU use on your Mac to save battery and fan noise.
  • QuitAll — One-click quit for all your open Mac apps.



Gear:

  • Magic Tray — A frame to hold your Magic Keyboard and Magic Trackpad.
  • Ringo — A water bottle which holds your iPhone.



Sunday, April 19, 2026

Nils Frahm, Max Richter, Jóhann Jóhannsson, Ólafur Arnalds, Einaudi, and Aleksi Perälä

Music:

Felt (Special Edition) by Nils Frahm


From Sleep by Max Richter


Orphée by Jóhann Jóhannsson


re:member by Ólafur Arnalds


Elements (Deluxe) by Ludovico Einaudi


Rays by Aleksi Perälä

Rays by Aleksi Perälä

Saturday, April 18, 2026

Music and Espresso

  • It's a three espresso morning.



Music:

Northspring by The Last Ambient Hero — Four-track ambient album via Bandcamp.

Murmurations by Ruby Colley


Smooth Jazz Piano — Spotify playlist by funkyjlo.

Wednesday, April 15, 2026

Filspari Gets FDA Approval for FSGS, New Ambient Playlists, Phloe, and Piano in the Background

Nephro:

  • Filspari Approved for FSGS — Sparsentan is the first and only FDA-approved medicine for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. The DUPLEX trial showed a 46% reduction in proteinuria vs. irbesartan at 108 weeks.



Music:

New Ambient — Spotify's ambient playlist. Fresh releases for focus and drift.


Piano in the Background — Spotify editorial. Soft piano for working.


Max Cooper: Solace in Form — Curated by Max Cooper.


Les Idées by Phloe — On Kordel Records via Bandcamp.

Monday, April 13, 2026

eyeSCANdy, the LIBERATE-D Trial, Process Knowledge, and 20 Years of Kidney Notes

Nephro:

Here is today's #eyeSCANdy! Scanning EM of a normal glomerulus showing a glomerular capillary loop with interdigitating podocyte foot processes. Photo courtesy of Dr. Stephen Bonsib. #renal #pathology #kidneypath

Arkana Labs (@arkanalabs.bsky.social) 2026-03-11T13:03:53.073601Z

Here is today's #eyeSCANdy! Urine – calcium oxalate crystals Photo courtesy of Dr. Stephen Bonsib. #renal #pathology #kidneypath

Arkana Labs (@arkanalabs.bsky.social) 2026-04-10T13:04:09.973945Z



Reading:

  • Process Knowledge by Cory Doctorow — Why the tacit expertise held by workers matters more than intellectual property, and why it is systematically undervalued.



  • After 20 years, kidneynotes.com is now responsive to screen size and 3,000+ posts are now tagged.

Sunday, April 12, 2026

The PREVENT Calculator and Albuminuria: Normal is Not Normal

The PREVENT Calculator shows how 10-year ASCVD risk can change dramatically even with a urine albumin level in the "normal" range. Compare a urine albumin of 0 with a urine albumin of 29:



Saturday, April 11, 2026

Saturday Evening

Epic EMR Tips: "Trend eGFR"

Did you know that if you type "trend eGFR" in Epic's search bar, you get this? 


Friday, April 10, 2026

NephMadness 2026, an eGFRcr-cys Oddity, Epic Health Alerts, and Battery Tracking

Nephro:

  • NephMadness 2026 — Year 14 of the nephrology bracket tournament!
  • A peculiarity of the eGFRcr-cys equation is that the eGFR is sometimes HIGHER than the eGFRcr and eGFRcys equations individually.

An updated eGFR Percentile Explorer App. egfr-percentile-explorer.netlify.app

Joshua Schwimmer, MD (@joshuaschwimmer.bsky.social)
[link]



Tools:

  • Epic Health Alerts — Epic's new public health alert system.
  • Juicy Juicy — Beautiful Mac battery alerts and health monitoring.

Monday, April 6, 2026

An Updated eGFR Percentile Explorer App

This eGFR Percentile Explorer is gratefully built on the work of Antoine Créon and the Stockholm Creatinine Measurements Project. (This modified work is released under the GNU Affero General Public License v3.0 (AGPL-3.0), consistent with the license of the original work.)

Sunday, April 5, 2026

Attie AI, Laura Cannell, Loscil, and a Spotify Mix

Tools:

  • Attie — A personalized feed built on the AT Protocol. Describe what matters to you in plain language and it reshapes itself.



Music:

AURORAE by Laura Cannell

AURORAE by Laura Cannell — Baroque violin and recorder, haunted and beautiful.

The Medieval Drone Society II by Laura Cannell

The Medieval Drone Society II by Laura Cannell — More drone and early music. Good pairing with AURORAE.

Sea Island by Loscil

Sea Island by Loscil — Ambient electronics. Dense, patient, immersive.

Spotify Daily Mix — Today's algorithmic offering.

Saturday, April 4, 2026

Meditation Apps, Habit Streaks, an IgAN Calculator, and Piano for the Office

Apps:




Nephro:

Useful for IgAN therapy: A calculator to estimate 24-hour urine protein from a spot protein-to-creatinine ratio. www.kidneynotes.com/2026/04/a-ca...

Joshua Schwimmer, MD (@joshuaschwimmer.bsky.social)
[link]



Office Music:

Friday, April 3, 2026

A Calculator to Estimate the 24-Hour Urine Protein from a Spot Urine Protein-to-Creatinine Ratio

Chen 2019 — 24h Urine Protein Estimator

24h Protein Estimator

Estimates 24-hour urine protein from spot UPCR using the validated multivariate Chen 2019 equation.

Chen et al. PLoS ONE 2019;14(4):e0214614

Clinical caveat: Validated for proteinuria <3 g/day. Agreement with measured 24h UP weakens above this threshold (Bland-Altman). For suspected nephrotic-range disease, a timed 24h collection remains the reference standard.

Patient Inputs
Urine protein (mg/dL) ÷ Urine creatinine (mg/dL)
Male = 1, Female = 0 per published equation
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m²) shown. G3a selected as default.
Estimated 24-Hour Urine Protein
g / day
log₁₀(24hUP)
UPCR Input
log₁₀(UPCR)
CKD Stage Coeff
Proteinuria Severity — KDIGO Categories
00.150.51.03.5>3.5 g
Equation Reference
log₁₀(24hUP [g]) = 0.814 × log₁₀(UPCR) + 0.110 × Gender − 0.004 × Age + 0.004 × Weight(kg) + 0.002 × CKD coeff − 0.018
VariableCoefficientEncoding
log₁₀(UPCR)0.814UPCR in mg/mg
Gender+0.110Male = 1, Female = 0
Age−0.004years
Weight+0.004kg
CKD Stage Coeff+0.002G1=1, G2=2, G3a=3.1, G3b=3.2, G4=4, G5=5
Intercept−0.018
Validation: Derivation cohort r = 0.866; Validation cohort r = 0.915. R² = 0.80 vs. 0.67 for unadjusted UPCR. Validated in 1,120 CKD patients, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan (PLoS ONE 2019).
For clinical decision support only. This calculator aids clinical judgment and does not replace physician assessment or timed urine collections. Not validated for AKI, pregnancy-related proteinuria, or dialysis patients.

Thursday, April 2, 2026

Reading Apps, Calendar Upgrades, a BP Tracker, and the Case for Resilience

Apps:

  • Readwise Readwise Reader — Read-later app that syncs highlights from Kindle, articles, PDFs, and RSS feeds.
  • Fantastical Fantastical — The best calendar app on Apple platforms. Natural language event creation.
  • RANDOM.ORG RANDOM.ORG — True random number generator. Uses atmospheric noise.
  • Countdown Countdown — Pretty progress bars for upcoming events and deadlines.



Projects:




Reading:

Tuesday, March 31, 2026

Clipboard Managers, Timers, Hydration Tracking, Mac Automation, and Kali Malone

Apps:

  • Paste Paste — Clipboard manager for Mac, iPhone, and iPad. Keeps everything you copy searchable and synced.
  • Timer+ Timer+ — Multiple simultaneous timers and stopwatches.
  • WaterMinder WaterMinder — Water intake tracking with Apple Health sync.
  • Keyboard Maestro — The Mac automation tool. If you can describe it, you can automate it.



Now Playing:

Music for Intersecting Planes

Music for Intersecting Planes by Kali Malone & Leila Bordreuil — drone and cello.

Monday, March 30, 2026

eGFR Tools, Cognitive Labor, Blindsight Revisited, and Jazz for Reading

Tools:




Reading:

  • Did I really read Blindsight by Peter Watts in 2007 and forget about it completely? And then reread it in 2026?



Office Music:

Sunday, March 29, 2026

Voice Apps, Smart Calendars, Flea's New Album, and a Surgeon's AI Morning Routine

Apps:

  • Speechify Speechify — Text-to-speech for Kindle books, PDFs, and web articles.
  • Wispr Flow Wispr Flow — AI voice dictation that works in any app. Mac, Windows, iPhone, Android.
  • For all its quirks, Reclaim.AI is still the best smart calendar app I've found.



Now Playing:

Honora by Flea

Honora by Flea — new solo album, out this week.




Reading:

Saturday, March 28, 2026

Three Apps, a Tip, and the NephJC Kidneys Awards

📱 Apps:

Jomo Jomo — screen time blocker
Routinery Routinery — routine planner, habit tracker
StressWatch StressWatch — AI stress monitor

odds and ends

Friday, March 27, 2026

Nephro Rounds

A KDIGO commentary on B Cell and Complement guided therapy in IgAN www.kidney-international.org/article/S008... in Kidney Int Perfectly timed for #NephMadness (and this will be the champion)

Swapnil Hiremath 🍁🇨🇦 (@hswapnil.medsky.social) 2026-03-26T09:19:01.296Z

Here is today's #eyeSCANdy! Scanning EM of a normal glomerulus showing a glomerular capillary loop with interdigitating podocyte foot processes. Photo courtesy of Dr. Stephen Bonsib. #renal #pathology #kidneypath

Arkana Labs (@arkanalabs.bsky.social) 2026-03-25T13:03:16.071396Z

Thursday, March 26, 2026

26Mar26

Friday, March 13, 2026

Background music for seeing patients this week.

Brain.FM.

Local hero wins at football and CKD

Dr. Joel Topf

With the stroke of a pen, his wait time moved from late 2021 to early 2018. An additional three years. This was enough to thrust him near to the top of the list. In September of 2024, Norris got his kidney and three days later he was home with a falling creatinine, feeling better than he had in years. A lot of people worked hard to remove race from eGFR equations. It can feel like an abstract policy debate. But sometimes it looks like this.

Thursday, October 30, 2025

Nephrogram.com

Nephrogram.com is live in time for Kidney Week: real-time, high-impact nephrology updates expertly curated by dozens of AI agents. Enjoy.

Thursday, September 19, 2024

A quicker way to estimate the eGFR of CKD-EPIcr-cys.

Estimating kidney function by calculating the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is important, and the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) creatinine-cystatin C equation (CKD-EPIcr-cys) is one of the most accurate ways of estimating eGFR. However, after reviewing thousands of laboratory tests from institutions nationwide, I've seen only ONE lab automatically calculate the eGFR using CKD-EPIcr-cys.

Instead, labs typically calculate eGFR using either the CKD-EPI creatinine equation (CKD-EPIcr) based on serum creatinine or the CKD-EPI cystatin C equation (CKD-EPIcys) based on serum cystatin C. But if you want the more accurate CKD-EPIcr-cys? You're on your own, and you must calculate CKD-EPIcr-cys using a website like the National Kidney Foundation.

A more practical and quicker method to estimate the eGFR of CKD-EPIcr-cys is to average the eGFR values obtained from CKD-EPIcr and CKD-EPIcys. This method is almost as accurate and significantly faster.

Consider an 81-year-old man with a serum creatinine level of 1.6 mg/dL and a serum cystatin C level of 2.2 mg/L.

Using the equations from the NKF website:

  • Using CKD-EPIcr: eGFR = 43 mL/min/1.73 m²
  • Using CKD-EPIcys: eGFR = 25 mL/min/1.73 m²

The estimated eGFR by averaging these values is (43 + 25) / 2 = 34 mL/min/1.73 m².

For comparison, the calculated eGFR using CKD-EPIcr-cys is approximately 33 mL/min/1.73 m², showing a difference of only 1 mL/min/1.73 m².

In this example, the difference in eGFR was only 1. Using the average eGFR of CKD-EPIcr and CKD-EPIcys -- both printed on most lab tests -- is usually an excellent way to estimate the eGFR of CKD-EPIcr-cys.

You can also create a macro to automate the averaging process, reporting the estimated eGFR in patient charts as "eGFR = X (avg. of CKD-EPIcr & CKD-EPIcys)."

Saturday, September 14, 2024

Best Apple AI feature.

“Intelligent Breakthrough & Silencing” is the best feature of Apple Intelligence in iOS 18.1 beta.

How to choose a random Apple Watch face.

Apple Watch tip: you can create up to 50 watch faces (!) and randomly switch between them using this shortcut: https://www.icloud.com/shortcuts/a5a0df6d068444e5b1fe8e926c44fbad. With the Apple Watch Ultra, you can even assign this shortcut to the action button. Great for rediscovering favorite faces.